QoS Latency Budget Calculator

Calculate end-to-end latency for real-time communication applications.

Application Type

Application

Network Segments

Access Network

Access Distance (km)

Core/Backbone Distance (km)

Number of Router Hops

Processing Delays

Codec/Processing (ms) Encode + decode + packetization

Jitter Buffer (ms) De-jitter buffer at receiver

QoS Configuration

Traffic Priority

Network Load

ITU-T G.114 Guidelines

One-Way Delay	Quality	Application
<100 ms	Excellent	All interactive
100-150 ms	Good	VoIP, video
150-250 ms	Acceptable	Most apps
250-400 ms	Degraded	Limited interactive
>400 ms	Poor	Non-real-time only

Latency Components

Delay Types

Total = Propagation + Transmission + Queuing + Processing
Propagation: ~5 us/km fiber, ~3.3 us/km radio

Propagation: Speed of light in medium
Transmission: Time to put bits on wire
Queuing: Wait time in router buffers
Processing: Router forwarding time

Typical Access Latencies

Fiber: 1-5 ms
Cable/DSL: 10-30 ms
4G LTE: 30-50 ms
5G NR: 5-20 ms
WiFi: 2-10 ms
GEO Satellite: 500-600 ms